Nakonechnyi M. Initial material, methods of selection and evaluation in winter bread wheat breeding for high technological grain qualities

Object: the conformity of manifestation and variability of quality and productivity traits of winter wheat genotypes. Aim: to determinate the conformity of manifestation and variability of quality and productivity traits of winter wheat varieties and breeding lines and sort out on this basis sources and donors of economically important traits for improve of efficient of breeding on grain quality. Methods: field, laboratory- field, phenological investigations, statistic. Novelty: the influence of morphological and biological characters of a plant on technological traits and yield of grain has been determined. The influence of matrix heterogeneity on the morphological and technological characteristics of grain has been studies. In this connection the possibility of applying breeding for improvement of technological qualities of grain by means of selecting genotypes with the least content of low-quality grains in the spike caused by matrix heterogeneity has been shown. Results: it was found that all economically important traits of a variety Selianka as a whole exceeded most of separate biotypes or were equal to the best of them. This indicates that the population is highly adaptive and balanced. The reasonability of using electrophoresis for maintaining initial parameters of such varieties in pre-basic and basic seed production has been justified. The possibility of using Selianka variety for improving baking properties of flour has been shown. The effectiveness of selection by main technological qualities and other economically important traits among hybrids obtained from crossing parental forms that are different in grain quality has been determined. Application stage: 18 winter wheat varieties was been worked out, 6 from which was been wrote down to State Register of plant varieties, 3 was been acknowledged as promising on 2011, the rest of varieties pass SVT. Application area: SIE of NAAN, APK