Boldyrev D. Sanitary evaluation of water, ground accumulations and hydrobionts of the coastal area of the Crimea and bioindication of fish products by test-object Artemia salina (L).

The theoretically substantiated and experimentally proved necessity of the sanitary evaluation of sea environment of the littoral territory of the Crimean peninsula to reveal the territories having worse conditions because of the accumulation and distribution of xenobiotics and first of all heavy metals in the sea water, in the sea "living object" ( planktone, benthos, fish), in the residue of the above substance (detritis), in terrigenic suspended particles and ground deposit / accumulations/ (different regions having the ground covered with sandy silt and lime-stone in the Azov Sea as well as with yellow sand and limestone, with pebbly and sandy and pebbly silt in the Black Sea) has been proved in the thesis. The analysis of the sanitary state of the coastal area of the Crimea as for the values of spatial distribution of Cu,Zn, Pb, Fe, Mn, Sr in the sea environment of the coastal area of the Crimea in the antropogenic points has been done; the migration of the above elements in the system of sea water- phytoplanktone-zooplankton-fish, the regularity and peculiarities of the accumulations of the above elements in the organisms of pelagic, ground-pelagic and ground species of fish as well as prevalence of heavy metals along vertical /of different depth/ and topographic inhabitance of fish species in different geographic latitudes of the Crimean peninsula have been studied. Interspecific differences of the content of heavy metals in the tissues of fish and the succession of the change of element accumulation level in stavrida, grey mullet singil, sea-urchin /echini/ have been determined; the peculiarities of the accumulation of heavy metals by different organs and tissues in different species of fish, especially in such valuable commercial species of cod-liver fish as merlang and also in the body of pіlengas fished out in the Kerchensky Gulf, in the south of the Arаbatskaya Strelka (the Azov Sea), near the vilage of Zavetnoye and in the Kalamitskyy Gulf near Evpatoria city (the Black Sea) have been studied. The territories, species of fish and their organs and tissues that had higher tolerated concentrations of some heavy metals have been revealed. To carry out the sanitary evaluation of the toxicity of the sea fish products the express-method of its bioindication with the use of biotest-object of galabiont saltish water crayfish Artemia salina (L) has been developed and experimentally substantiated. The above method is based on the ability of Artemia to react very quickly on the toxic influence of harmful admixture in the substrate with the fish products due to high intensity of metabolism in Artemia salina. It has been proved that the use of Artemia salina in the sanitary and biological investigations is perspective for fish breeding in the situations when it is necessary to make decisions urgently to determine the quality of the perishable goods and the ways of their realisation to prevent the harm to human health.