Karchevskiy S. Individual anatomic variability of lumbar triangles.

The dissertation is devoted to the actual problem - studying of anatomic variability, sex and age peculiarities of lumbar triangles with usage some morphometric, X-ray and ultrasound technologies for prognosis of lumbar hernia formation. It is establishes there are the upper and low lumbar triangles in all the preperations. The low lumbar triangle has triangular (91.67 %) or fissural shape (8.33 %). The triangles with small length and large base are met more often in person with brachymorphic type of the body. The equal side triangles and triangles with equal length and base are met more often in person with mesomorphic type. The triangles with large length and small base are met more often in person with dolichomorphic type. The low lumbar triangle with middle (from 5 to 10 см2) and large (more 10 см2) sizes are met more often in men, variants with the middle and small sizes - in women. It is revealed that the upper lumbar triangle has triangular, four-angular, five-angular, rhomboid and fissural shapes. Seven variants of anatomic variability of cordons of the upper lumbar triangle are divided. They depend on an individual anatomic variability of localization of bone and muscular structures-of the lumbar area and do not depend on sex and age. At computer tomography it is established that the width of the right upper and low lumbar triangles was more than the width of the left ones. The width of the both triangles was more in women than in men. The width of the right and left upper lumbar triangles was less in elderly person, the width of the right and left low lumbar triangles was more in elderly person. The width of the upper and low lumbar triangles does not depend on longitudinal and transverse parameters of the lumbar area. The criteria of ultrasound visualization of lumbar triangle are location the space between the muscular layers of lumbar area under 12th rib (for the upper triangle) and below the iliac crest (for the low triangle) in case of adequate visualization of the fundus of the triangle, endoabdominal fascia and depth lying organs. It is necessary to take into consideration an anatomical variability and sex peculiarities of the shape, sizes and cordons of the lumbar triangles for operations in projection of the upper and low lumbar triangles.