Tyupina N. Sanitary and hygienic aspects of adaptive ability of Holstein cattle of European selection in Steppe region of Ukraine.

The stable keeping of cows with the use of summer camp (the experimental group) had a greater effect on the natural resistance of the cows as compared to the all-year-round loose cubicle housing of cows in the close cowsheds (control group). It was demonstrated by the high content of Ig G and M in the blood serum, higher phagocytic activity of blood neutrophils and by the intensity of phagocytosis.In the period of adaptation during the first three lactations the rate of morbidity and culling of dairy cows from the herd in the control group was lower as compared to the experimental group of cows, respectively, but during the post-adaptive period - higher.As compared to the productivity of cows-mothers, the milk yield, content of milk fat and protein of cow-heifers of Holstein breed in the control group during the first three lactations was higher and in the experimental group - lower. The calves born by the cows of the experimental group had higher average daily weight gains and the indices of natural resistance. As compared to the cows of the experimental group the period of the productive use of cows was 1,9 times as short as in the cows control group, the total profit per a cow on average during the lactation was higher by 25,0 %. But taking into consideration the longer period of the productive use of the cows the milk yield per a cow was higher by 34,2 %.