Legkun I. Breeding features of winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties resistant to false loose smut (Ustilago nigra) and covered smut (Ustilago hordei) pathogens

Object: Ustilago hordei; Ustilago nuda=Ustilago tritici f. hordei, Ustilago nigra Тарке = Ustilago avenae; varieties, lines, hybrids of different generations of winter barley. Aim: establishment of productivity breeding material of winter barley with genetic caused resistance to false loose smut (Ustilago nigra) and covered smut (Ustilago hordei) pathogens. Methods: crossbreed analysis, phytopatological, statistical analysis. Novelty: two group resistance sources to local populations races U. nigra and U. hordei – C.і.13664 line (previously used principally as donor of resistance to U. nuda) and Dzhau Kabutak variety were detected and identified. Results: resistance to pathogens U. nigra and U. hordei, as determined by hybridological analysis, controlled by two different dominant genes – Ung and Ruh. Genes are located close to the chromosome that causes high probability of them linked inheritance and explains the group resistance to U. nigra and U. hordei agents in based on these one’s winter barley varieties. The provocative background using effectiveness in winter barley breeding on immunity to local populations of false loose and covered smut races has been proven for evaluation and selection at all levels of breeding process with mandatory testing assessment on competitive variety testing stage. Application stage: the winter barley varieties were created. Six of these varieties named as Aborygen (2007), Academіchny (2011), Ajvengo (2011), Burevij (2013), Snіgova Koroleva (2014), Dev’уatу Val (2015) are listed in the State register of plant varieties suitable for dissemination in Ukraine. Two varieties Valkyriуa (since 2014) and Present (since 2015) are the state variety testing. Application area: SIE of NAAS of Ukraine, farms.