Markhovska A. Translation of Spanish Literary Euphemisms into Ukrainian.

This thesis explores, as the title prompts, the problem of translating Spanish literary euphemisms into Ukrainian. On the one hand, the study argues that Spanish and Ukrainian linguistic cultures show a prominent number of similarities in what concerns the topics that are normally euphemized by Spanish and Ukrainian natives. Consequently, euphemisms are widely present in modern Spanish prose, in cases of which the translators of respective texts often use Ukrainian euphemisms in order to reproduce Spanish euphemisms. On the other hand, though, this study shows that the above mentioned is not the only way of translating Spanish literary euphemisms. Moreover, the means of indirect nomination represented in Spanish-Ukrainian literary translation are not limited exclusively to euphemisms. Respectively, as this study suggests, modern Spanish prose authors use such means of indirect nomination as euphemisms and dysphemisms, which may be translated into Ukrainian by means of euphemisms, dysphemisms or orthophemisms (i.e. X-phemisms). Plus, certain Spanish literary orthophemisms may appear euphemized or dysphemized, as a result of translation into Ukrainian. Therefore, this study is aimed at investigating the possibilities of translating Spanish literary X-phemisms into Ukrainian, elaborating the list of respective translation strategies and enumerating the most relevant translation models used to recreate Spanish literary X-phemisms in Ukrainian. Chapter 1 explores the domain of literary translation as such, focusing on euphemisms as a peculiar and contradictory element of a literary text. Moreover, the first chapter outlines the most emblematic approaches of the scientists worldwide to the problem of equivalence and adequacy in literary translation. It promts that euphemisms are closely related to dysphemisms and describes the concept of X-phemism. Chapter 1 proposes a classification of Spanish literary euphemisms enumerating the topics that are frequently euphemised in Spanish contemporary prose. It describes the possibilities of translating Spanish literary euphemisms and dysphemisms into Ukrainian and elaborates the three respective strategies of translation.