Nesterenko E. Agronomic stability of mutant lines in the gene pool of breeding and technology of the cultivation of table beet (Beta vulgaris L.)

Object: breeding for heterosis and adaptability of business signs in collections, breeding and the material elements and table beet cultivation technology of uterine roots and seeds. Objective: To find out the adaptive selection and genetic nature of the sources and forms of mutant lines for heterosis breeding F1 hybrids beet and improve the effective elements of the selection process and technology of growing uterine roots and seeds. Novelty: for the first time in Ukraine theoretically grounded and improved methods of selection and seed-elements using mutagenesis, heterosis effect, genotypic stability and the manifestation of traits in progeny beet, set the value of the gene pool and found a source for creating parental lines. Results: heterosis effect (20-40%), high correlation (0,7-0,95%), the level of adaptability and breeding value of basic economic characteristics of lines and hybrids F1. Grounded influence elements of technology on productivity, marketability, keeping quality, biochemical composition uterine roots. Highlight 3 sources beet for agronomic stability marketable yield, increased 3 with parameters 1 high marketability for 4 morphotype and suitability for mechanical harvesting, 7 for biochemical composition roots. The technique of creating lines and hybrids F1, which are tested in creating, ripening Round F1 (through mutagenesis) and on the basis of environmental heterosis - middle: Meridian F1, Conus F1 and Horizont F1. Created and submitted to NCGRRPU mutant lines: Balls, Dessert, Candy and self-pollinating line maroon. It was established that the optimal sowing parental components of beet and sort types Bordeaux Erfurt to grow in terms of Eastern steppes of Ukraine is the first - second decade of May, contributing to the most yield of 68.4 t / ha and uterine Root out after storage 96,8 - 97,6%. The efficiency of the use of subsurface tillage (Chiseling) and conventional tillage, profitability was 175,8 - 258,2%