Dovbynchuk T. The effect of cephalosporin antibiotics on net water and ion transport in colonic epithelium

We found that disturbance in net water and ion transport is the mechanism of antibiotic-associated diarrhea of certain groups of antibiotics, e.g. the third generation of cephalosporin ceftriaxone. The molecular mechanism of these changes differs after fifth days and fourteenth days of antibiotic therapy and might explain clinically observed transitory pattern of idiopathic antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Mast cells degranulation; decrease in mucus production; as well as decrease in sodium absorption via downregulation of sodium expression; along with upregulation of chlorine channels in rat colon were associated with antibiotic-associated diarrhea after fifth days-therapy. After fourteenth-days therapy, the increase of mucus production; mast cells granules restoration; as well as upregulation of chlorine with decrease chlorine absorption; along with increase sodium absorption via upregulation of sodium and sodium exchanger expression; and decrease aquaporin eight protein levels might explain the decreasing number of animals with diarrhea at this time point. Histamine induced similar to ceftriaxone changes in water and sodium absorption in rat colon. Antagonist of H one-histamine receptors prevented ceftriaxone-induced diarrhea in rat. Combination of ceftriaxone with multiprobiotic (symbiosis of live cells: Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Propionibacterium; acetic acid bacteria: 1.0х109) or Saccharomуces boulardii probiotic prevented diarrhea and ceftriaxone-induced changes in colonic water and ion transport.