The dissertation presents the results of studying the level of sanitary contamination of objects of the environment by exogenous developmental stages of animal helminths, the role of flies in their distribution has been determined. The comparative estimation of disinfestation properties of disinfectants from different chemical groups is given. The disinsection agent for improving the sanitary condition of the premises was developed and tested, and the predatory properties of Hydrotaea aenescens as a biological agent in the control of zoophilous flies were studied. According to the results of the conducted research, it has been established that exogenous forms of helminths that present a threat to the infection of animals are accumulated and stored on the premises of livestock buildings. Eggs such as Ascaris suum, Trichuris suis, Oesophagostomus dentatum,, Strongyloides ransomi аre induced from pigs' objects. Livestock objects are infected with eggs of Dicrocoelium lanceatum, Trichocephalus ovis, substrates Strongilata, Neascaris vitulorum, Trichocephalus skrjabini and Strongylata spp. Eggs of Toxcara canis, Toxascaris leonine, Trichocephalis vulpis and Ancylostoma caninum are identified in the kinologic centre premises.
Soil of park areas and territories of high-rise buildings of cities is contaminated by exogenous stages of the development of worm worms of the contract Strongylata ascaridates, trichostrongylyat and cestodes. Eggs of the trematodes are allocated and in the countryside from samples of soil from meadows and banks of the river.
It has been established that objects for the maintenance and cultivation of animals, city and rural areas are significantly contaminated by exogenous stages of helminths. Depending on the object of the study, eggs of Ascaris suum, Trichuris suis, Oesophagostomus dentatum, Strongyloides ransomi, Dicrocoelium lanceatum, Trichocephalus ovis, Neascaris vitulorum, Trichocephalus skrjabini, Strongylata spp., Toxcara canis, Toxascaris leonine, Trichocephalis vulpis and Ancylostoma caninum were detected.
Experimental way is determined that the largest number of flies in the pigs' entomology complex belongs to Musca domestica L. (46 %), in rooms of sheep it is Drosophila spp. (82.6 %) and Musca domestica L. (9.27 %), in rooms of livestock it's Musca domestica L. (38.0 %) and Drosophila spp. (23.33 %), in the cynological center Musca domestica L. (37.5 %) and Muscina stabulans (33.65 %). It has been established that Musca domestica L. is a dominant species in livestock biocenosis and plays a major role in the spread of exogenous forms of Ascaris suum, Oesophagostomus dentatum, Toxcara canis and Trichocephalis vulpis. The species Muscina stabulans may be a sourceby Trichuris suis, Oesophagostomus dentatum, Ancylostoma caninum, Trichocephalis vulpis eggs at the environmental pollution, and Stomoxys calcitrans L. - eggs Trichocephalis vulpis.
In the comparative aspect, the disinfectation properties of 13 potential disinfectants and 2 universal means are determined. It was established experimentally that when conducting experiments on laboratory animals (rats) to determine the effectiveness of disinfectants, it is advisable to inject no more than 100 ± 5 Ascaris suum eggs per animal.
It has been shown that the test cultures of worms’ eggs derived from faeces of infected animals with Ascaris suum are more resistant to the action of chemicals than the cultures derived from gonads females’. It has been determined that disinfectant "DZPT-2" at a concentration of 4.0% and exposure for 6 to 24 hours exhibits disinfestation properties for Ascaris suum, Toxocara canis, Toxocara mystax, Ascaridia galli, Heteracis gallinarum and Intestinal Strongylid worms eggs. The "FAG" agent at a concentration of 6.0% at an exposure of 24 hours acts disinfectant on the test culture of the eggs Ascaris suum, Ascaridia galli and Toxocara canis. Effectiveness of application of disinfectant "DZPT-2" in production conditions is determined.
The bait “Muscocid” is designed to control zoophilic Dipteras, which contains three active substances (cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos, lambda-cygalothrin), and the breatment efficiacy in livestock buildings is 67–70 % for 18 days. Growing flies of Hydrotаea aenescens in laboratory conditions has shown that at optimal temperatures (26–27 °C), one generation develops in 24 days. Lowering the temperature to 20 °C prolongs the generation time to 40 days and reduces the age of the imago from 20 to 14 days. Low positive temperatures delay the development of larvae, but not reflected in the basic biological characteristics of the species. Laboratory results of Hydrotaea aenescens breeding indicates that this species can be used as a biological agent that limits the harmful activity of flies in the biocenosis of livestock.
