The thesis focuses on the problem of formation of ecological behavior of primary school pupils by means of Ukrainian ethnic culture.
The nature of the concept of «ecological behavior of primary school pupils» is clarified by means of theoretical analysis. It is mentioned that it can be a direct or indirect process of interaction between children of 6-10 years of age with natural systems, objects and resources. This process is caused by the internal and external determinants, and can be observed and manifested in actions, sayings and emotions.
The determinants of ecological behavior of primary school pupils are proved, the specific tendencies of their influence on the personality of the junior pupil are discovered. These determinants are conventionally divided into two groups: initial (act directly, at the time of the behavioral act) and secondary (delayed in time). Initial determinants, are combined into internal (irritants which depend on the personality) and external (irritants which come from the environment) according to the factors that caused them. Feelings, mentality and will we refer to the internal determinants and control, patterns for imitation (positive or negative) and passive social control we refer to the external determinants. Among the secondary (delayed in time) factors we distinguish personal experience, the system of values and life position.
The dissertation analyzes the potential of Ukrainian ethnic culture for the formation of the ecological behavior of primary school pupils. We define also its structural components: ancient folk beliefs (myths, beliefs), Ukrainian folk music, folk customs, festive ceremonial culture, Ukrainian decorative and applied art. Among the variety of components of ethnic culture, the most effective ones are selected.
The following basic components of the environmental behavior of elementary school students are clarified: cognitive (the impression of puplis about the environment and understanding of the consequences of human activity), value- emotional (emotional subject-subject relation to nature, reflected in emotions and feelings, caused by objects of the environment) and active-behavioral (the ability of the individual to regulate their own behavior in the environment, the use of available knowledge during direct or indirect interaction with the environment).
Basic components of the environmental behavior of primary school pupils gives us the opportunity to reveal the following criteria: the level of knowledge about the environment and ways of behavior in the environment (pupils' knowledge about nature, knowledge of Ukrainian traditions of preservation and restoration of nature, folklore, concerning natural objects, national ecological taboos); value attitude to nature (emotional position to plant and animal life, environmental problems, interest in environmental issues); practical skills of environmental behavior (knowledge of norms and rules and skills of ecological behavior).
The types of ecological behavior of primary school pupils are identified and characterized, namely: ecologically-expedient, ecologically-situational, ecologically-indifferent, ecologically-destructive.
The methodology of the formation of ecological behavior of primary school pupils by means of Ukrainian ethnic culture is theoretically substantiated. The structural components of the methodology are reflected in the target vocabulary. The goal and the tasks of the experiment are defined. The following blocks are distinguished: the conceptual block (the theoretical and methodological basis for the formation of the ecological behavior of primary school pupils); the diagnostic block (the unity of criteria and indicators for the description of the corresponding types of environmental behavior); the forming block (the characteristics of the activities, methods and techniques of formation of ecological behavior of primary school pupils in their everyday life); the block of results (the dynamics of changes in the types of ecological behavior of primary school pupils).
The thesis focuses on the Ukrainian ethnic culture potential in the process of formation of ecological behavior of primary school pupils. The methods of formation of ecological behavior of primary school pupils by means of Ukrainian ethnic culture are theoretically grounded, developed and experimentally tested for the first time.
