Drachuk V. Nephroprotective activity of the derivatives of sulfur-containing amino acids (ademetionine, taurine and glutathione) in conditions of experimental acute kidney injury

The dissertation is devoted to the study of nephroprotective properties of the derivatives of sulfur-containing amino acids (ademetionine, taurine and glutathione) under the conditions of acute kidney injury of different aetiology in the comparative aspect with the determination of the pathogenetic mechanisms of their influence. In the experimental studies, the conventionally effective doses for the selected drugs were determined: ademetionine 20 mg/kg, glutathione 30 mg/kg, and taurine 100 mg/kg. On the model of rhabdomyolytic acute kidney injury, ademetionine demonstrated more significant nephroprotective effect by its ability to eliminate the toxic effects of myoglobin. Taurine predominated in a number of indices on the model of gentamicin nephropathy, while in ischemia-reperfusion injury the maximum protective effect was shown by glutathione. The nephroprotective effect is due to the ability of the investigated drugs to increase urine output and glomerular filtration rate, to reduce the manifestations of retention azotemia and proteinuria, and to normalize the ion-regulating kidney function realized by the activation of the glomerular-tubular and tubular-tubular balance, as well as improve the energy supply of the kidneys, and is confirmed by the data of the morphological study. A significant antioxidant effect of the studied derivatives of sulfur-containing amino acids has been demonstrated, as well as their ability to restore fibrinolytic and proteolytic activity in the kidneys.