The dissertation is devoted to improve the quality of technical systems operation of the submersible type ships due to the use of a new system for discharge excess air from ballast tanks of the ship and reducing accidents, which are connected with the additional pitching of the vessel.
The main directions of the problem solution of submersible marine vessels efficiency increasing are investigated and analyzed. This was accomplished by developing new principles for the functioning of their technical systems, which provide a significant increase in the quality of their operation, increase the reliability of their work on sea swell and shorten the timing of cargo load operations with a decrease of their accident rates.
In the main part of the work the formalization of the air cavity movement process along the surface of the water in the ballast tank of the vessel during the hovering of the ship is given, and the influence of the characteristics of this process on the efficiency of the destruction of the parasitic air cluster is considered. In the course of research, a new system of eliminating parasitic air from the working volumes of ballast tanks has been developed.
Theoretical studies of air cluster movement in a ballast tank are made using the differential equations of isothermal two-dimensional motion, the equation of continuity and the moment of the gas phase. On the base of jets theory, a result has been obtained, indicating that the accumulation of parasitic volumes of air takes place not in the central parts, but in the angular zones of ship ballast tanks.
Experimental research was carried out during the immersion and floating of the semi-submersible type vessel “Target”, Dockwise-Boskalis company in conditions of a wide range of altitude of sea surface excitement. Due to the introduction of the developed system, the level of uncontrolled vessel pitching has been reduced from 2 to 1.5 degrees. The time of the tank topping in comparison with the standard operation was reduced by 2 %, while the ship's control systems OCTOPUS and CARGOMASTER in cooperation noted that the load on the ship's hull, as compared to the standard ballasting operation, decreased by 3.4 %, as confirmed by the corresponding act.
New technology of organizing the stabilization process of the vessel's pitching with constant control and correction of the angle of its uncontrolled roll is proposed and its efficiency has been checked during the vessel operation.
Based on the synthesis of the obtained scientific results of the solution of auxiliary tasks and the generalization of the experience of the operation of submersible vehicles, the main task of the research is solved – reduced rates of accidents and increased operational characteristics of ships of the submersible type.
Key words: semi-submersible type vessels, pitching, angle of the uncontrolled vessel's pitching, shock jets, ballast tank, parasitic air volume, load on the ship's hull, sea wave highness.
