The object of study - creation and development of system of education in USSR, role and place in it scientific - pedagogical intelligence, intellectual potential of the Ukrainian Soviet society in 1920-1930-s of ХХ century. The purpose of study is evolution of scientific-pedagogical intelligence in totality society, its social adaptation in conditions of bolshevism mode, definition the social-professional status of the professors of the pre-revolutionary period, teachers and "red professorate" of the Soviet period, their educational-cultural level, scientific achievements and financially-household maintenance. The methods used in the research are: problem-chronological, method of the comparative analysis, system-structural, retrospective, content-analysis. Practical value of the received results consists in their scientific-theoretical and practical use for spelling of individual and collective works on histories of education and culture in USSR, preparation of the educational-methodical literature forsystem by high and secondary school, for their use by the state and public enterprises and organizations, is especial at formation of principles of social policy in the field of spiritual life of a society. The dissertation work is devoted to study of peculiarities of modernization of education system in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1920-1930-s, intellectual potential of the Ukrainian society, socio-professional status and cultural and educational level of the professorate of higher educational institutions, school teachers, defining their life and their role in the society and their promotion to development of socio-humanitarian subjects. The author analyzes historiographic works of the 1920-s and defines the concept of "educational intelligencia". He also makes analyses of the works by Soviet and foreign scientists, gives foundation of conceptions of modern historians. The author confirms the term "scientific and educational intelligencia", analyses theoretical and practical activity ofthe professorate of academic departments and higher educational institutions, their research and teaching work. It has been noted that for many years intelligencia had been an object of investigation but in very rare cases it was considered a subject of history. It has been pointed out that the status of a social stratum which was given to the educational intelligencia in the Soviet historiography and in the real life didn't correspond its real potential. The educational intelligencia is considered in the work as an object and subject of the research in the context of history of the society. The intelligencia itself is considered as a subject of the cultural and socio-political life of the society, a creator, carrier and owner of the intellectual potential. The work enlightens the professorate of the higher educational institutions, their level of education, social background. The peculiarities of adaptation of so called "old intelligencia" and "red professorate" to new political situation are shown. Theauthor enumerates the pre-evolution staff of professors and describes relations between the social party nomenclature scientific and educational intelligencia. The mechanism of the influence of the government on the intelligencia and the pernicious consequences of the Stalin repression is investigated in the work.
