Boyko P. Epizootic process and specific prophylaxis of blackquarter of cattle

The thesis is devoted to the study of infectious and epizootic processes of black quarter of cattle and the development of the specific disease prevention. Based on the statistics of veterinary reports we evaluated the dynamics of the black quarter epizootic process in the world and in Ukraine. It was found that the incident has a panzootic type of spread, and the disease is indicated by sporadic and enzootic features, uneven expression in the five continents of the world in space and time. High tension of epizootic situation occurs in the Americas and the African continent, a low - in the countries of Oceania and Australia. On the territory of Ukraine the black quarter manifests itself constantly, and is dedicated to natural grassland landscapes, which are situated in the pool or spill rivers in the territories with surface stratification of aquifers. It was found that the Cl. chauvoei spores can vegetate in the digestive tract of guinea pigs, penetrate to the organs and tissues and eliminate of them after some time. The sources of the infection causative agent are sick animals, corpses, and soil. The main factors for disease transmission are food, water and soil; the most exposed to Cl. chauvoei are cattle aged 0,5 - 2 years. The pre-clinical and clinical studies of blackleg vaccines for cattle and sheep were designed and conducted.