Cherntsova O. Discourse variation of word cognitive semantics: the experience of integral research (based on verbal predicates казаться, показаться, deverbative кажимость, parenthesis кажется)

The object of research is the discourse variation of word cognitive semantics within the contexts of everyday, journalistic, scientific and fictional discourse. The aim of research was developing and verifying an integral research method of the discourse variation of word cognitive semantics. The research was carried out by combination the following methods: an integral, cognitive and discourse approach together with the linguistic methods of analysis – etymological, semantic, syntactic, discourse, cognitive; we applied new parameters – discourse context type, communicative context type, communicative register, communicative (dialogical / narrative) strategy, subject’s intentions, subjective structure of context, etc. The scientific novelty of research: a new theoretical view on the polysemy of words with the semantics of human cognitive activity was developed; for the first time, a linguistic cognitive model was proposed to explain the emergence of different meanings of a word; conclusions were made about the role of each discourse and ‘its rules’ in the development of a system of discursive meanings of a word; the theoretical idea that linguistic semantics is driven by the subject’s discourse activity as well as their cognitive experience and knowledge was verified; the Gestalt scenario of the conceptual sphere was reconstructed; in terms of ‘Gestalt’, ‘Background – Figure’, ‘Focus – Defocus’ a correlation between cognitive level and level of superficial linguistic semantics was established as well as the focus shifts, which underlies the construction of different conceptualizations/meanings, was schematically described. The practical significance of the research: its results can be used while teaching courses in lexicology, semantics, special courses in cognitive linguistics, cognitive semantics, discursive analysis of language phenomena; you can make use of it in lexicographic practice.