Kucheriavyi V. The formation of mechanisms of civilized lobbying in the state authorities of Ukraine

The dissertation study proposed a methodology for improving the mechanisms of civilized lobbying in the state authorities of Ukraine, the purpose of which is to improve the mechanisms of civilized lobbying in Ukraine to ensure effective consideration and protection of the interests of citizens in the process of forming and implementing state policy, which includes the following recommendations: improving organizational support ( creation of specialized bodies and departments for lobbying; education and training of lobbyists and officials; involvement of non-governmental organizations; media and public; cooperation with academic institutions; international experience and expertise; cooperation with business); improvement of information and communication support (electronic platforms for registration of lobbyists; public information and access to documents; open data; effective communication with the public; social networks; electronic conferences and webinars; mobile applications; e-mail and SMS messages; video conferences and video recordings; electronic platforms for gathering public opinion); improvement of financial support (creation of a fund for public initiatives; subsidies for small and medium-sized enterprises; grants for research; encouragement of corporate responsibility; fiscal stimulation for public initiatives; audit and control over the use of funds; creation of public reporting mechanisms; development of sponsorship programs). In addition, the author improved the possibilities of implementing the best international experience of civilized lobbying in the state authorities of Ukraine, namely: regulation of lobbying (it is important to establish clear rules and standards for lobbying, as well as to determine the mandatory registration of lobbyists, to provide for sanctions for violations of these rules); public information (ensure public access to information about lobbyists and their activities, create an online registry of lobbyists and oblige them to regularly report on their work); limitation of conflict of interest (government officials and legislators should be limited in lobbying or engage in it only under certain conditions and under control); public control (creating mechanisms for public control of lobbying, including the possibility for the public to contact state authorities with requests for information about lobbying); education and professional development (organize trainings and seminars for lobbyists and government officials regarding ethical standards and norms of lobbying); expert assistance (involving independent experts and non-governmental organizations to monitor and evaluate the lobbying system); public discussions (organization of public discussions and dialogue between government bodies, lobbyists and the public regarding the regulation of lobbying); ensuring competition (ensuring the diversity of lobby groups and ensuring that all stakeholders have equal access to decision-making); interaction with international organizations (interaction with international organizations and partners to share experience and develop best practices in the field of lobbying). Ways to optimize legislation on lobbying activities in Ukraine are proposed, namely: adoption of the Law of Ukraine "On Lobbying"; development of standards of conduct and code of ethics for lobbyists; introduction of mandatory registration of lobbyists; public access to the Register of Lobbyists; prohibition of conflicts of interest and corruption at the legislative level; prohibition of the influence of any third parties on the activities of lobbying subjects; cooperation with non-governmental organizations (NGOs); control and punishment for violations. Key words: public administration, state authorities, civil society, public organizations, lobbying, civilized lobbying, mechanisms of civilized lobbying, non-governmental organizations.