Kanunov R. Improvement of Technique when Performing Competitive Exercises of Young Weightlifters Aged 13-15, Considering the Levels of Physical Qualities Development

The purpose of the thesis - development and experimental substantiation of the method of improvement of technique when performing competitive exercises of young weightlifters at the preliminary-basic stage of preparation Considering levels of development of physical qualities. The tasks of the dissertation research: to analyze the modern state of formation of the main aspects of fitness of young weightlifters aged 13-15; to establish the levels of manifestation of motor abilities, morphofunctional and psychophysiological indicators and features of performance of the phase structure of elements of competitive exercises technique by young weightlifters aged 13-15 of different levels of physical fitness; to reveal the correlation between the main elements of the phase structure of movements which provide their performance and to define the factor structure of the influence of the level of physical qualities on the technique of performing competitive exercises by young weightlifters of 13-15 years; to develop and experimentally substantiate the effectiveness of the developed methodology for improving the technique of performing competitive exercises in weightlifting depending on the level of development of physical qualities of young weightlifters aged 13-15. The object of the study was the educational and training process aimed at the development of physical qualities of young weightlifters aged 13-15. The subject of the research was the technique of exercises of young weightlifters aged 13-15 depending on the levels of motor qualities development that provide their performance. The study involved the usage of complexes of the following methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature; pedagogical methods of research and experiment (observation, expert evaluation, anthropometric methods, biomechanical methods, testing of motor skills and technical fitness); medical and biological: anthropometry, study of the functional state of the cardiovascular and external respiratory systems; psychophysiological research methods; methods of mathematical statistics (method of averages, verification of statistical data, correlation and factor analysis). As a result of the dissertation research, three groups were obtained according to the degree of their novelty. The scientific data confirmed that the development of the theoretical concept of physical activity planning in the educational and training process of young sportsmen of power sports is based on the knowledge of age periods and manifestation of motor abilities; each age period has psychophysiological and morphofunctional features that must be considered during the organization of the educational and training process and the development of new methods of sports training; application of step-by-step means of high-speed and power, strength and coordination orientation, providing a sufficient level of development of power and high-speed and power capabilities of sportsmen; usage of special means, developing motor qualities, accordingly improving their quality. The following data have been supplemented and expanded: training and improvement of the technique of the phase structure of movements of competitive exercises of young weightlifters should be carried out in combination with the development of physical qualities; speed and power quality and explosive power are important special qualities for the performance of the phase structure of competitive exercises when lifting the barbell in weightlifting. In order to increase muscle strength it is necessary to use stretching of muscle fibers, as elasticity of a tissue connection causes filling of potential energy by muscles which during a contraction is transformed and embodied in exercises of high-speed and power direction and power character; the usage of high-speed and power exercises improves work of "fast" muscle fibers, power of which determines power possibilities of sportsmen. In the course of the conducted researches for the first time: the most important elements of phase structure technique of movements of competitive exercises that require the display of power and high-speed-power qualities and coordination abilities in the training process of young weightlifters aged 14-15 considering different levels of physical fitness are defined; the interrelation of correlation dependence between motor qualities, morphofunctional and psychophysiological indicators and performance of different elements of technique of phase structure of competitive exercises of young weightlifters of 13 years considering different levels of physical fitness is established; the structure of factor analysis of competitive activity of young sportsmen under the influence of the developed experimental methodology during the annual macrocycle was determined.