Khomutovskay S. Substantiation of sanitary and hygienic methods to increase resistance and productivity of young swines on specialized enterprises.

As a result of the investigation the comparative evaluation of microclimate in the farrowing and growing sectors was given. The different air exchange was provided in the above areas. It has been stated that at the air exchange 20 m?/h per 100 kg of body weight the air temperature in the sectors was 27,2 °C, relative humidity - 74; 84 and 90 % in winter, autumn and spring. From that day when the pigs were brought to the sectors the bacterial contamination of the air was: in winter - 483 - 612 thousands of CFU/m?, in spring - 304 - 622 thousands of CFU/m?, in summer - 241-503 thousands of CFU/m?, in autumn - 345 - 701 thousands of CFU/m?. In the sectors where air exchange was 75,5-100 and 150 m?/h per 100 kg of body weight the sanitary and hygienic regime was in accordance with zoohygienic standard. The influence of the temperature regime on the number of suckings and consumption of colostrum by the suckling pigs has been substantiated. The pigs that were kept at the temperature 30 - 28 °C had 26,0±1,8 - 23,2±2,0 suckings during the day and consumed 658,3±9,4 g of colostrum that is at 22,4 - 35,9 % and 16,7 - 27,3 % higher as compared with the sucking pigs that were kept at low temperatures. Hygienic and technological evaluation of indoor maintenance of gilts has been substantiated. It has been revealed that swines in fixed keeping had worse blood supply of the mammary gland and sexual organs; 31,2 % of the swines were infertile; the swines after farrowing had more mastitis at 14,6 %, agalactia - at 19,5 %. The results of the investigation on the interior indices of blood and productive potential of piglets having different body weight at birth have been presented. It has been stated that growing of the piglet (weight 1,31±0,02) provided the increase in immunoglobulines on 10 - 30 - 45 day; serum bactericidal activity on 6,2; 6,76 and 11,64 % correspondingly, and serum lysozyme activity in 30 day - on 9,51 %. The pigs grouped depending on the body weight 1,54±0,02 kg had larger average weight gains at 11,6 %, survival rate - at 4,2 % as compared with the analogues; they had less diseases of gastro-intestinal tract at 25,88 %. The lighting regime of the farrowing and growing sectors in different seasons has been substantiated.