Litsky V. Hygienic and technological provision of the replacement young maintenance at the enterprises of small capacity.

Two options for the layout and sizes of modular pens for group maintenance of calves and young cattle up to 18 months of age at the premises of standard livestock house have been proposed in the thesis. In accordance with the first option the construction of three different group pens has been provided and the second option includes the construction of three group pens of the same size (standard). When comparing the tethered housing of calves and young cattle of 3 and 15 months of age with the maintenance of the animals in the group pens the parameters of microclimate differed in the average daily indicators of the air, respectively: the temperature was higher, relative humidity was lower, the content of ammonia, the total microbial contamination was lower. The bull-calves that have been referred to the group of active and moderately active ones by the results of the ethological tests on the state of viability on the background of the greater energy of growth had higher indices of cellular and humoral immunity. The rearing of bull-calves in the group pens according to the age contributed to the increase in the live weight at the 18 months as compared to the tethered method of animal rearing. Culling of the stunted animals at the age of 6 and 12 months is an effective technological method that increases the average floor area of a pen for each animal and promotes higher productivity of an animal. The housing of the animals in the standard group pens with culling of the animals contributed to the increase in the indices of the slaughter: mass of fresh carcass, carcass weight and yield as compared to the tethered housing of animals. The output of the flesh was higher but the output of fat as well as bones, ligaments and tendons was lower.