Onishchenko A. The role of profibrotic, proinflammatory and prooxidant factors in the biochemical mechanisms of chronic rhinosinusitis development

Object – molecular mechanisms of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps in the acute stage; aim– establish the role of oxidative stress, fibrosis, autoimmune disorders, apoptosis and necrosis of leukocytes in the mechanisms of development of chronic rhinosinusitis and, on this basis, propose new biochemical markers for the diagnosis of the disease; methods – clinical, laboratory, biochemical, morphological, immune-histochemical, fluorescent probes, flow cytometry, statistical; results –a comprehensive study of the biochemical mechanisms of development of various forms of chronic rhinosinusitis have been conducted; it has been established that chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps are accompanied by the development of oxidative stress - the content of lipid peroxidation products increases 1.6-2.2 times; for the first time, using fluorescent probes, it has been proved that the development of chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps causes changes in the state of the membranes of cells of the synonasal tract and erythrocytes, namely, an increase in the degree of hydration is registered in the region of polar phospholipid heads; for the first time it is shown that in both forms of chronic rhinosinusitis a significant increase in serum concentrations of IL-12, TNF-α, IL-1β, fractalin (2-3.6 times) is recorded against the background of an increase in serum IL-8 levels in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps and a decrease in its content in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps; chronic rhinosinusitis has been proven to be associated with impaired remodeling of the extracellular matrix of the synonasal tract; for the first time there has been shown that various forms of chronic rhinosinusitis, especially chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, are accompanied by an increase in vimentin expression in nasal epithelium cells; branch – medicine.