Koniukh S. Nephroprotective properties of plant polyphenol compounds in experimental chronic kidney disease and their relationship with hydrogen sulfide methabolism

In the model of experimental chronic kidney damage of rats (model 5/6 nephrectomy) for the first time the important role of disorders of H2S metabolism in the kidneys was shown. It was found that chronic kidney disease (CKD) in rats is accompanied by a decrease in the activity of H2S-producing enzymes (cystathionine-γ-lyase, cystathionine-β-synthase and cysteine aminotransferase), an increase in the rate of utilization of exogenous H2S and a decrease in H2S content in the kidneys. The degree of glomerular-tubular disorders in CKD has a direct correlation with the content of H2S in the kidneys. The introduction of an inhibitor of H2S synthesis aggravates glomerular filtration disorders and tubular renal dysfunction. The use of the donor H2S - NaHS shows powerful nephroprotective properties, which are associated with increased glomerular filtration rate, improved reabsorption of water and electrolytes, antioxidant, antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, antifibrogenic and endothelioprotective effects. Scientific data on the nephroprotective properties of genistein, quercetin and resveratrol had been supplemented and their ability to modulate H2S metabolism in the kidneys under conditions of CKD had been established for the first time. The effect of polyphenols on the state of the renal H2S system in CKD is associated with a restoring balance in the system of pro- and antioxidants, an increase in renal activity of the endothelial isoform of NO synthase and a decrease in the activity of its inducible isoform. The most pronounced protective effect on the kidneys was genistein, which had the most pronounced corrective effect on the functional parameters of the kidneys and the state of the hydrogen sulfide system, had antiapoptotic effects, reduced structural and degenerative-dystrophic changes in the kidneys and promoted activation of compensatory and hemodynamics.