In the dissertation, on the basis of historical and pedagogical analysis, the traditions and experience of raising children in the Ukrainian peasant family of the Kherson province of the 19th - the first quarter of the 20th century are summarized; the content, forms, methods and ways of educating the younger generation on the basis of the socio-economic, ethno-regional, socio-cultural development of the region are characterized.
In the work, based on a comprehensive study of various sources of the 19th - the first quarter of the 20th centuries; the experience of raising children in a peasant family of the Kherson province during the 19th – the first quarter of the 20th centuries was investigated using historical, historical and pedagogical materials; the dynamics of the development of the peasant family of the region and the influence of the regional folk tradition on the specifics of upbringing in the family were studied; the experience of raising peasant children of the region, taking into account the gender-age stratification of traditional society, the content and directions of raising children at different age periods of their lives (small child – from birth to 7 years; youth – from 7 to 14 years) were characterized.
Clarified: factors of influence on the formation of the institution of the family in the Kherson province; the importance of parents in the process of socialization of a peasant child; the essence of ceremonial actions for security purposes; communication features of children of different sexes.
Scientific knowledge about the existing historical forms, methods, techniques, and means of raising children in the parental home in the 19th and the first quarter of the 20th centuries has been expanded.
The systematization of the ideas of domestic scientists on the specifics of family upbringing in a traditional family was further developed.
New and little-known facts, ethnographic materials and archival sources revealing the specifics of raising children in the Kherson province in the 19th and the first quarter of the 20th centuries have been introduced into scientific circulation.
The chronological limits of the study are the 19th and the first quarter of the 20th century; they are determined by the time of existence of the Kherson province (1802–1921), which coincides with the time limits of the functioning of traditional society at the late stage of its historical development. The choice of the lower limit – 1803 – is determined by the Decree № 20760 of May 15, 1803 on the creation of the Kherson province, which marked the beginning of its active settlement, which determined the peculiarities of the formation of the institution of the family, family education in the region; and caused by the intensification of the process of studying the customs, culture and life of the Ukrainian peasant family in its traditional features in the pre-industrial society, which was reflected in the intensive accumulation of ethnographic works. The upper chronological limit of our study is determined by the first quarter of the 20th century. It was a time of destruction of the traditional structures of peasant life under the influence of collectivization and industrialization. The functions of the family acquired a new meaning.
The territorial boundaries of the dissertation are outlined in accordance with the national historiographic tradition and cover the territory of Kherson, Elisavetgrad, Olexandria, Ananyiv, Odesa and Tiraspol counties. In 1803 the province was divided into four counties: Elisavetgrad, Tiraspol, Olviopol and Kherson. From July 1806 to five: Alexandria, Elisavetgrad, Olviopol, Tiraspol and Kherson. In 1825 the Odesa county was created from parts of the Kherson and Tiraspol conties. In 1828, the Olviopol and Elisavetgrad counties were cancelled and Bobrinets county was created on their basis. In 1834, the Tiraspol county was divided into two parts and a new Ananyevsky county was created. In 1865, the administration of Bobrinetsky county was relocated to Elisavetgrad and the county was renamed Elisavetgradsky.
Regarding the modern administrative-territorial division of Ukraine, the territorial boundaries coincide with the borders of the Kirovohrad, Mykolaiv, Odesa, and Kherson regions.
The study of the mentioned problem became possible due to the study of historiography and the source base of the research, because there is a large number of domestic ethnographic sources that highlight the content, ways, and means of family pedagogy. Their comprehensive study, analysis and generalization made it possible to determine the goal (education of a personality useful for the family and community, the formation of the desire to provide the family with vital resources)
